Essentially, the composting process turns waste products into an organic soil amendment by. Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in developing cities. Number of people receiving improved service quality from solid waste management, drainage, or vector control activities without doublecounting indicator description definitions. Pdf solid waste management and associated environmental. As shown in chart 29, 75% of households and 59% of business persons are concerned of solid waste impacts on environmental pollution while 25% of hh and 41% of bp are not. Solid waste management issues are a highly emotive topic. Review of environmental and health effects of waste. Environmental impacts of waste management deficiencies. This research work was carried out on the environmental and health effects of waste management in bayelsa state, aimed at providing solution to problems of waste management in bayelsa state. The energy generated from different waste management activities is set out in. In fact, in the absence of a good management strategy, solid wastes. Clearly, informal waste management activities can provide.
This article explores the main features of this allencompassing bill and its impacts on the waste management scenario in malaysia. In an industrial society that produces millions of tons of waste every year, disposal becomes a major issue. Egssaa environmental guidelines for smallscale activities in africa. Identify the major types of environmental health hazards describe the types, abundance, distribution, and movement of toxicants in the environmental discuss the study of hazards and their effects, including. Kaya is the chief town of the province of sanmatenga. Impacts of solid waste on health the group at risk from the unscientific disposal of solid waste include the population in areas where there is no proper waste disposal method, especially the preschool children. Hazardous materials, solid waste, and pollution prevention as an impact category includes an evaluation of the following.
Disposal options such as incineration and landfill, whilst unpopular with both the public and environmental pressure groups, do not pose the same environmental and health risks as, for example, recycling plants. Education and information dissemination for behaviour change supported. Wash nfis environmental health sector wash subsector environmental health indicator. Solid waste management and health effects emma selin. The materials most often collected are aluminum, plastic, paper, cardboard, glass, copper, and iron. Environmental and health impact of solid waste management activities issn series by paul t williams. Most people have concerned about environmental pollution and health impact of solid waste management in the study area. Negative environmental impacts from improper solid waste dumping can be easily observed everywhere in the developing world. The effects of toxins in garbage, and the sheer physical mass of its presence, cause concern for municipalities and waste disposal agencies in many places. Solid waste disposal an overview sciencedirect topics.
Pdf environmental and health impact of solid waste. In addition to the environmental and health issues related to solid waste disposal in the marine environment, solid wastes can be responsible for a range of economic impacts on marine and coastal activities reducing the economic benefits derived from them newman et al. Organics waste are the major fraction, as expected, since jordan is a developing country, and food is the major component of the solid waste stream generated in developing countries 15, and the reset are decomposable and recyclable. Occupational and environmental health issues of solid waste. A case study of granville brook dumpsite, freetown, sierra leone. In the context of waste management, where waste is a solid, physical product, christensen 2011 defines it as leftover, a redundant product or material of no or marginal value for the owner and which the owner wants to discard p. Inevitable consequences of the practice of solid waste disposal in landfills are gas and leachate generation due primarily to microbial decomposition, climatic conditions, refuse characteristics and landfilling operations. World bank group environmental, health, and safety. Impact of solid waste on health and the environment.
Which health effects can occur when waste is improperly disposed of and how is the. First, identify activities within the fenceline that could have an environmental impact then, identify how these activities specifically interact with the environment last, document the resulting change, positive or negative impacts each activity may have multiple aspects and. Sep 17, 2011 gladding tl 2002 health risks of materials recycling facilities. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, which can lead to environmental pollution and the outbreak of vectorborne disease. The solid waste management problems universidade fernando. The authors of this paper hold the view that there is a clear inadequacy in the environmental education paradigm in both the nigerian and guyanese educational curricula as they pertain to solid waste management. Solid waste management issue is the biggest challenge to the authorities of both. The available scientific evidence on the wasterelated health effects is.
This template can be used to draft a solid waste implementation plan swip. This paper presents an overview of gas and leachate formation. Waste management threats to human health and urban. Epa is interested in better understanding the trends in the use and management. Presently we are facing the problems in collection, transportation and disposal of domestic solid waste in. This report reflects the discussion and conclusions of the who meeting waste and human health. Health care waste management public health benefits, and. Improper management of solid waste is one of the main causes of environmental pollution kimani, 2007. The status of solid waste management s\xm in the gaza strip gs is associated with many environmental, health and social shortcomings. Damage costs for incineration range from about 4 to 21 tonne waste 1, and they are extremely dependent on the assumed scenario for energy recovery. These areas become childrens sources of contamination due to the incubation and proliferation of flies, mosquitoes, and rodents. Clinical solid waste management practices and its impact on. The role of informal sector in waste management, a case study. Hester re, harrison rm eds environmental and health impact of solid waste management activities issues in environmental science and technologies no.
Due to implementation of successful solid waste management, both public health and the quality of the environment will benefit directly and substantially unep, 2005, p. Environmental, health, and safety guidelines waste management facilities december 10, 2007 2 world bank group 1. Waste management theory is founded on the expectation that waste management is to prevent waste causing harm to human health and the environment. Ensure that people are aware of the impact of waste on their health, wellbeing and the environment. Every year tons of electronic items are shipped over oceans, however, after their usage time they are become a complex. Solid waste disposal sites are found on the outskirts of the urban areas, turning into the child sources of contamination due to the incubation and proliferation of flies, mosquitoes, and rodents.
All intext references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on researchgate, letting you access and read them immediately. The theory of waste management represents a more indepth account of the domain and contains conceptual analyses of waste, the activity upon waste, and a holistic view of the goals of waste management. This article highlights the impact of improper solid waste management on the public health and the increase risk of vectorborne diseases. Programme and participants in the meeting are reported in the annexes. While hygiene focuses on individual personal hygienecleanliness, sanitation often refers to waste management, and environmental health has a broader meaning beyond hygiene and sanitation, referring to where we live, work and play. Domestic solid waste management and its impacts on human. Besides potential health hazards, these concerns include, and are not limited to, fires and explosions, vegetation damage, unpleasant odors, landfill settlement, ground water pollution, air pollution and global warming. Comprehensive and highly topical, environmental and health impact of solid waste management activities will make a strong contribution to. The main objective of the environmental impact assessment eia is to evaluate the project likely impacts on the environment as described in section 4 of this esia.
The effects of such health hazards are difficult to quantify because of limited epidemiological studies. The organization identifies and evaluates the actual or potential aspects and impacts to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, from its activities, services and facilities. Use process to identify activities, aspects and impacts. The report examines the waste management options for treating municipal solid and similar waste. Municipal solid waste management mswm, income group. The evaluation of environmental impacts from solid waste.
Environmental and health impact of solid waste management. In particular, the global waste management goals for improving sustainability at global. Over the past 35 years, the paradigm has shifted from a waste management approach to sustainable materials management focusing on resource, environmental, and human health impacts over the entire life cycle of materials. Jun 25, 2009 the solid waste and public cleansing management bill, which was approved in august 2007 after a 10year delay, is envisaged to have serious consequences in waste management practices and implementation in malaysia. Waste disposal, environmental effects, health effects, nyagatare. In pakistan, due to a lack of proper planning and funding, the solid waste management scenario is becoming worse day by day. Waste is part of the agenda of the european environment and health process and included among the topics of the sixth ministerial conference on environment and health. The impact of poor municipal solid waste management practices.
Environmental assessment of municipal waste management. The paper examined the municipal solid waste disposal methods and the environmental issues associated with the management of solid waste in kano metropolis. Impact of solid wastes waste management municipal solid waste. The environmental effectiveness of solid waste management a case study of oslo, norway choi, hye jung master thesis in culture, environment and sustainability centre for development and environment university of oslo spring, 2016. The activities and resources include methods for reducing waste and trash, information about product consumption, recycling tips, facts about pollution and its effects on the environment, global warming statistics, worksheets on different ecosystems, and plenty of projects for students to complete inside and outside the classroom. A case study in the city of kaya, burkina faso 1081. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. For preventing any serious environmental health risks and treatment of these. It thus is necessary to define what a solid waste is in order to determine the extent of epas jurisdiction under subtitle c. Impact of solid waste on health and the environment special issue of international journal of sustainable development and green economics ijsdge, issn no 23154721, v2, i1, 2, 20 167 unscientific and ordinary landfilling is the common practice for solid waste disposal in many developing countries 6,7.
The status of solid waste management swm in the gaza strip gs is associated with many environmental, health and social shortcomings. On april 4, 1983, epa proposed to amend the existing regulatory definition of solid waste. In this situation, the swm has a great role to play. E waste, electronic waste, recycling, waste management 1. Impact of solid waste management on sound environmental. Read online, or download in secure pdf format comprehensive and highly topical, this book will make a strong contribution to scientific knowledge in the area, and will be of value to scientists and policymakers in particular. Occupational and environmental health issues of solid waste management special emphasis on middle and lowerincome countries sandra cointreau. During the evaluation process, significant impacts to the. Environmental and social impact assessment for gaza solid. The composition of the municipal solid waste in the city is heterogeneous. The impact of poor municipal solid waste management.
Hazardous materials, solid waste, and pollution prevention. Electronic industry is the worlds largest and innovative industry for its kind. The only significant contributions come from direct emissions of the landfill or incinerator and from avoided emissions due to energy recovery from an incinerator. It has been used to treat a variety of wastes including biosolids, municipal solid waste, food and agricultural wastes, and even hazardous wastes table 15. Ewaste management, disposal and its impacts on the environment.
A case study of granville brook dumpsite, freetown, sierra leone 666. Pdf impact of solid waste disposal on health and environment in. Defra commissioned this report in response to that recommendation. Comprehensive and highly topical, environmental and health impact of solid waste management activities will make a strong contribution to scientific knowledge in the area, and will be of value to scientists and policymakers in particular. Health care waste management public health benefits, and the need for effective environmental regulatory surveillance in federal republic of nigeria, current topics in public health, alfonso j. Waste management threats to human health and urban aquatic habitats a case study of addis ababa, ethiopia. Solid waste management options and their impacts on climate.
Main environmental impact of municipal solid waste management. Mshelia department of geography, nigerian defence academy kaduna, nigeria abstract. A framework for excellence in environmental stewardship responsible exploration waste management eswmv1. The las undertake the task of swm with their own staff, equipment and funds. Environmental impacts of improper solid waste management. When household waste, like wood and yard waste leaves are burned, they produce smoke, which contains vapors and particulate matter solid and liquid droplets suspended in the air. Impact of solid waste on health and the environment special issue of international journal of sustainable development and green economics ijsdge, issn no 23154721, v2, i1, 2, 20 167 unscientific and ordinary landfilling is the common practice for solid waste.
However, abul 2010 examined the health impact of solid waste management among residents around the mangwaneni dump sites in swaziland. Environmental impacts of improper solid waste management in. Waste streams that would be generated by a project, potential for the wastes to impact environmental resources, and the impacts on waste handling and disposal facilities that would likely receive the wastes. Today, the urban areas of asia produce about 760,000 tonnes of. Part ii detailed life cycle assessments list of tables table 1 the baseline distribution of waste material fractions for malta in 2004. The results of the findings clearly show that major streets, several open spaces and even water ways are been used as refuse dump sites.
In the context of this chapter, solid waste management is taken to mean the. This article highlights the impact of improper solid waste management on the public health and the increase risk. Garhwal a central university, srinagargarhwal, uttarakhand,india abstract urbanization and population growth are solely responsible for high increasing rate of solid waste and its proper management is a major. Leveraging financial resources to support solid waste management initiatives supported.
All stakeholders impact one or more of the elements. The environmental effectiveness of solid waste management. For hazardous waste focus is given to health care risk waste, pesticides, electronic waste. Solid waste management in asia as urbanization and economic development increases in asia, nowhere is the impact more obvious than in societys detritus, or solid waste.
The focus of environmental health is on how environmental risk factors affect human health. Waste and human health whoeurope world health organization. Solid waste management is an important aspect of urban area management. The task of solid waste management presents complex technical challenges. National waste management strategy page 7 of 75 description targets 2016 goal 4. Health impacts of smoke impacts of smoke from burning clean wood and leaves. Environmental impacts of waste management deficiencies and health issues. This is attributed to several technical, institutional and financial factors as defined in the national strategy for solid waste management nsswm in the palestinian territory for 20102014. Recycling, landfills and incineration all play a part in the solution.
It was also reported that there is a direct relation between the solid waste composition and the social activities in the community 14. Results reported that the environmental impacts are pervasive. This document is meant to provide a suggested structure for the swme to use to submit a swip that will be consistent with the states mmp. Solid waste management entities swmes are not required to use this template but may find it helpful for drafting their swip. Disposal costs need to be balanced against environmental impact, which often results in heated public debate. Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in. Environmental and health impact of solid waste management activities issues i n e n v i r o n m e n t a l s c i e n c. Review of environmental and health effects of waste management. Environmental impacts of solid waste landfilling sciencedirect. Safe management of wastes from healthcare activities. Solid waste management and environmental justice building and sustaining coalitions abstract this case study examines the continuing work of communitybased organizations and public interest lawyers to promote equitable and environmentally sound solutions to solid waste handling in new york city. Impacts on human health the poor waste management is associated with increased health problems ranging from epidemics of vectorborne or foodborne diseases to the adverse effects due to contamination of groundwater. Pdf impact of solid waste on health and the environment.
The respondents were stratified by the distance of their. Solid waste management in emergencies who technical note 7 on drinkingwater, sanitation and hygiene in emergencies introduction. National capacity development for solid waste management supported. Environmental and health impact of solid waste management activities. One of the key objectives of the esia is to assist in ensuring environmentally and socially sound management of.
The safe disposal of solid waste is critical for public health, and is especially true during an emergency. Responsibilities for solid waste management cut across several national and local institutions, including ministries and municipalities. Impacts of solid waste management practices on environment. Environmental and health impact of solid waste management activities emissions from solid waste management activities. Disposal and management of hazardous waste are worldwide challenges. The well formed solid waste management is the only way to reduce the impact of swmsw on the environment. The impact of poor municipal solid waste management practices and sanitation status on water quality and public health in cities of the least developed countries. Environmental assessment of municipal waste management scenarios.
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